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Smoking is a the main risk factor cardiovascular disease
Deleterious effects of tobacco smoking on the occurrence of malignant tumors proved by many studies. The effect of smoking on the occurrence of cardiovascular disease, little is known publicly.
Our vascular system consists of veins and arteries through which blood flows to the organs and tissues, giving them oxygen and nutrients, and flowing back, taking the products of metabolism. Smoking contributes to the appearance of the arteries and veins of atherosclerotic plaques, the main cause of vascular diseases such as aortic aneurysm, cerebrovascular accident (stroke), atherosclerosis of the lower limbs, and others.
Smoking is one of the most powerful factors in the development of vascular disease, so smokers are at risk of their occurrence is several times higher. Smoking affects the heart, and all the other vessels of the body.
Any form of tobacco use (smoking cigarettes, cigars, pipes, chewing or snuffing tobacco combustion products, the effect on those who do not smoke - passive, involuntary "smoking") lead to a significant increase in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. CHD, hypertension (AH) and their terrible complication - myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, heart failure, there are heavy smokers are 3-4 times more common than lung cancer. The increased risk of developing CHD (regardless of gender) are smokers of different ethnic groups. It is proved that the risk of myocardial infarction is higher, the younger smoker. It is the largest among those aged under 40 years of age who (podcherkivaem!) smoking - the main cause of this disease. The link between smoking and morbidity and mortality from CHD, other vascular pathology is most evident among young adults. Infarction among male smokers aged 30-49 years, there is 5 times more likely than those who do not smoke, and in 50-59 years - three times, and in 60-79 years - twice as often. An increase in the incidence of myocardial infarction in the young is due, above all, the early onset of smoking. Occlusive disease and thromboangiitis obliterans in young people is observed only among smokers.
Smoking causes spasm of small arteries, thereby contributing to increased blood pressure and heart rate. In addition, the chemicals contained in cigarette smoke, falling into the blood vessel wall damage, contributing to the emergence of atherosclerotic plaques.
Severe consequences of disease will help you understand how important the state of the vascular system of the body and risk factors for it. Cerebral blood flow. They can be either acute (stroke) and chronic. When the disease affects the carotid arteries that supply blood to the brain is. As a result of atherosclerosis, the appearance of plaques on their walls, their restrictions may breach the blood supply of the brain. This leads to strokes (in case of sudden blockage or rupture of cerebral vessel), disruption of memory (hence so often the term "sclerosis"), paralysis, etc. Aneurysm of the abdominal aorta. Through this section of the aorta carry blood to the gastrointestinal tract, kidneys, lower extremities and to the genitals. With the weakening and thinning of the wall of the aorta due to atherosclerosis, inflammation and other causes, develops expansion area of the aorta - aneurysm. Further progression of this pathology is fraught with such serious and sometimes fatal complication is inevitable, as the gap separation or an aortic aneurysm.
Peripheral arterial disease. Most of these diseases relate to narrowing of arteries of lower extremities due to atherosclerotic deposits on the walls in the form of plaques. These diseases are characterized by the so-called intermittent claudication, that is, time of occurrence of pain in the leg during walking, which requires some rest. The most dangerous complication of vascular disease is the development of gangrene (ie, necrosis) of the lower limbs that require amputation, such as changes in tissue are irreversible.
All these diseases are more common in smokers, people who are not on a diet with high cholesterol and high blood pressure.
