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Correction of the curvature of the lower extremities
Deformation of the so-called lower leg bandy legs - it's not just a cosmetic defect. In the presence of calf strain load on articular surfaces of the femur at the knee joint is uneven. With age, this leads to the development of degenerative-dystrophic diseases of the knee joint - osteoarthritis or gonarthrosis. Curvature of the lower leg causing the development of flatfoot.
The correct form of the legs is such that at which the line drawn through the femoral head, which forms the hip joint, then passes through the middle of the patella and the first interdigital space. Deviation of the foot of the line is accompanied by a breach of the proper biomechanics of the limb.
Curvature of the tibia at an angle open outwards is called valgus bending of the tibia, or set aside. Under such a deformation serried feet resemble the letter X and X-shaped are called. Normally, all people have leg slightly deflected outwards. In men, this angle is from 5 to 7 degrees in women under 10 degrees. On examination of the patient's legs exhibit curved outward at an angle, the large distance between the ankles when the knees dense.
Deformation of open tibia at an angle into varus bending is reduced, or lower leg. Both legs with such a curvature similar to the letter O and the deformation is also called O-curving legs. Less frequent bending leg at an angle open anteriorly (rekurvirovannaya shin), and the curvature of the apex directed backward, or backward (kifozirovannaya shin) arc bulge forward.
Valgus or rekurvirovannoe bending legs often greatly affect the function of distance. Curvature of the lower leg as reflected in the function of the foot. Curvature of the tibia at an angle outward (varus or O-shaped distortion) is the inverse gates of the foot (valgus), and gradually develops a secondary flat. For X-shaped curvature of tibia valgus flat foot develops more rapidly.
Arcuate curvature of the tibia are congenital or are formed in childhood with severe forms of rickets, inflammatory diseases, bone diseases, metabolic, endocrine disorders affecting the strength of the skeletal system. Under these conditions a slight congenital deformations can deepen with increasing depth of the arcs of the curve.
Adolescents develop curvature of the lower leg due to a lack of food vitamin D and calcium, inadequate exposure to outdoor sunlight. Causes distortion of drumsticks are also a variety of pathological processes in the articular ends of the femur or the tibia and knee injuries.
In addition to the true strain tibia occurs also false distortion shins, when the defects are not due to the appearance of bone structure and features of soft tissue. In this case, correction of curvature of finite conductivity with physical therapy and special exercises for the calf. In severe cases the implantation is made of soft denture.
Surgical treatment of lower leg strain includes osteotomy - cutting the bone. In the varus bending of tibia osteotomy performed valgiziruyuschaya when valgus bending - variziruyuschaya. At the same time from the bones, sawed a wedge bone is connected and strengthened with a few screws or clamps. In the case of varus or O-shaped curvature of the wedge from the tibia sawed shin. For X-shaped or valgus deformity tibia osteotomy is performed (dissection) of the femur and wedge, respectively sawed out of it.
Surgery may be supplemented by reconstructive hondroplastikoy aimed at increasing the stability of the knee joint. After the osteotomy used stable-functional osteosynthesis with the various systems. It is applied to the leg or hip type construction Ilizarov. Period of wearing the device is different. He is from 4 to 8 months or more, depending on whether you are while still lengthening limbs.
