The successes and achievements of the modern world it is possible to identify transplant surgery in the discharge direction of the most effective treatment of diseases of various organs. Liver transplantation is now standard in the treatment of liver disease in the terminal stage. The prerequisites for its introduction were the experimental and clinical studies, improvement of surgical techniques, the development of pharmacology, positive public attitudes toward transplantation, a correct view of the media on this issue, improving the legal framework.
High survival rates of patients in the early and late postoperative period transplant confirms the reliability of the methods. Transplantation can be done through the use of cadaveric donor liver transplantation, and by living donor. However, the existing shortage of donor organs with limited possibilities of cadaveric donation, increasing the need for liver transplantation and high mortality on the waiting list is a powerful incentive introduction of technology of liver transplantation from a living donor.
In countries where religious beliefs prohibit the use of cadaveric organ transplantation from a living related donor is the only way to save the life of the patient in the final stages of liver disease.
The most common indication for transplantation in adults is cirrhosis, which leads to necrosis of liver cells, cholestatic disease, acute liver failure, metabolic disease.
In today's transplantation, there are several techniques for liver transplantation. The choice of surgical technique depends on the particular clinical situation.
Before the surgeon, at the time of transplantation from a living related donor, there are serious problems. Indeed, to ensure the safety of life and health is not only a recipient but also donors. Liver transplantation requires high technical skill, accurate assessment of the anatomy of blood vessels and bile ducts of the liver donor. It is necessary to accurately calculate the amount retained, as the donor and abstracted for transplantation of the liver. Only under these conditions, you can count on the normal functioning of both halves of the body.
The results of liver transplantation from a living related donor indicate the need for and increase the number of such operations. Thus, it is necessary to focus on the comprehensiveness and complexity of the problem, which includes medical, legal, ethical and economic aspects. For further development of this section surgery, joint efforts not only medical but also economic support of the state.
