Currently, a kidney transplant is an effective way to treat end-stage chronic renal failure (CRF), which is characterized by progressive loss of nephrons, leading to reduced efficiency of renal processes, and then to renal dysfunction. The structure of the causes of chronic renal failure generally is quite typical and stable - is glomerulonephritis, pyelonephritis, and a wide variety of other diseases that lead to "kidney finale", especially diabetes, hypertension and renal anomalies, etc.
The ideal recipient - a young patient who does not have infections, urinary disorders and severe emotional lability. In real life, not all the characteristics of the patient fit the ideal, and the decision about a possible kidney transplantation is made after analysis and comparison of important data such as age, comorbidity and prognosis depending on treatment.
In recent years, improved outcomes of kidney transplantation is mainly due to the fact that great attention is paid to prevention and treatment of the most severe complications of transplantation - rejection, and trauma. The use of kidneys from living related donor can carry out the operation before the start of dialysis therapy, it has a positive effect on the result of the operation, resulting in graft survival rates, lower incidence of complications. Young patients are easier to tolerate the operation of kidney transplantation than older. At the age of patients often has different co-morbidities that may worsen and complicate the postoperative period. In turn, older patients less likely to occur and less acute rejection crises occur.
Organizational decision on indications for kidney transplantation and received the necessary training in the following way. If according to a preliminary survey - Inquiry, history and general examination - the patient can be regarded as a potential recipient, he provided all the necessary information about this method of treatment - its capabilities, risk, and details related to its implementation. In addition to binding studies with the recipient and the donor must be psychological preparation. Experience has shown major centers, patients who have undergone preoperative training, the duration of postoperative hospital stay and the number of complications is greatly reduced.
Kidney transplant can achieve a better quality of life in patients with chronic renal failure, ie, greater their satisfaction with their physical and social status for many years compared with dialysis treatment.
