Infectious complications at different times after surgery observed in all patients. Most often, they are localized in the urinary tract, wound and respiratory organs. These pathogens include viruses and bacteria, at least - fungi and mycoplasma. The greatest risk of developing life-threatening infections exists from the 1st to the 6th months after transplantation. There may be as a hospital and outpatient infection, because the background of any immunosuppressive therapy center dormant infections may reactivate and cause the destruction of the graft or the source of sepsis.
Infections often lead to the development of mechanical ventilation, presence of subclavian and urethral catheters, wound drainage, hematoma. Infection can be caused by dysbiosis. There may be a relationship between donor and recipient infection. The relevance of infection is determined not only by the frequency and severity of prognosis but also the fact that they have symptoms similar to the crisis of rejection, with diametrically opposite treatment strategy. It is therefore necessary to perform a urine culture, wound secretions from the nasopharynx.
Bacterial urinary tract infections are caused by urinary infection prior to the donor or recipient. Cystitis and urethritis may be caused by operative trauma, presence of urethral catheter, previous inflammatory diseases of the female genital organs, reduced long-term bladder function. Inflammation of the male genital organs may occur as a result of the intersection of the spermatic cord during surgery. The main method of treatment is urology infection antibiotic therapy for the type of selected microorganisms.
Pneumonia developed in any period after the operation, but more often at 2-6m month. In addition to viruses, Staphylococcus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, fungi, there are rare infection. Transplantation is often malosimptomno pneumonia. Patients complain of shortness of breath, coughing.
Any local inflammatory process may be complicated by sepsis - which is a major cause of death of the patient. Moreover, in connection with a priority to preserve the life of the transplant patient to preserve, in some cases removes the last.
Thus, after kidney transplantation there are numerous conditions that contribute to the development of infectious complications. Therefore, in the postoperative period should be time to pay attention to emerging complications, perform antimicrobial therapy, which should effectively suppress the flora and does not have toxic effects on the kidneys.
