The greatest significance in the pathogenesis of varicose veins is a violation of the mechanisms for venous outflow in the upright position and operating in a close relationship with each other. These include contractile force of muscles, which are located along the veins, valvular and arterial blood pressure. In fact, arteries, making the most minimal contribution to this process. Failure of any of these mechanisms will sooner or later entail a change in the other two. Musculo-venous pump of the lower extremities, buttocks and abdomen to promote the use of blood to the heart, the rational functions only when intact valves.
In the complete closure of the valves upstream of the blood veins in the downstream does not penetrate, and if there are any violations of the valvular apparatus (as a result of inflammation, trauma, congenital failure), it starts to move up and down. This leads to venous stasis and expansion of the vessel below the valve. Emerging flebektaziya, in turn, causes a functional failure following valve and so on.
Permanent vein overdistension due to overflow with blood supply leads to the trauma of microvascular The result is a destruction of trophic disorders of elastic and muscle fibers forming the venous walls, causing it eventually becomes thinner and loses elasticity. The valves are valves are no longer completely occlude. As the progression of their work becomes completely ineffective, and the blood flow in the vertical position of the body is not going up, and rushes down. After perforating vessels he sent to the deep venous system, which rises at the expense of the musculo-venous pump, however, reached the mouth of the great saphenous vein, its tributaries, partly on returns.
In the venous system, blood is drawn in excess of normal. In some cases, there is about one liter of so-called ballast, which is continuously circulated through the vicious circle and makes it impossible for the effective discharge at the capillary level. In the saphenous vein pressure increases so that the vascular wall does not stand up and begins to expand. Thus formed varices. They first formed in some areas saphenous veins, and then engage the whole tree trunks and branches. It should be noted that such changes are a breeding ground for the development of complications of varicose veins - namely, the formation of blood clots. At full operation the valve apparatus and adequate pumping activity of the muscles in the veins, there are two types of laminar and turbulent flow. During muscular load blood moves not only in the proximal direction, but also in the distal (retrograde), which makes valves interlock valves. As a result, in front of them there is turbulent blood flow, due to which the sinuses do not settle blood cells.
Normally, the conditions that prevent blood clots, which in the above-described pathological processes almost completely leveled. Consequently, the main role in the pathogenesis of varicose veins and its complications are re-orientation of blood flow in different phases of muscle activity, and disruption of flebogipertenziya valve apparatus.
