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Anomalies of relationship of the kidneys
Anomalies of relationship of the kidneys, symptoms of horseshoe kidney
This anomaly occurs at a frequency of about 15% of all congenital malformations of the kidneys. It is characterized by the fusion of two kidneys into one, but each has its own vessels the kidney and ureter and the ureters empty into the bladder in the usual place. Kidneys can be spliced middle surface . The upper part of one kidney can grow together with the lower part of the other kidney is formed when L-or S-shaped kidney.
Horseshoe kidney. The incidence of horseshoe kidney about 10% of all kidney malformations, occurs more often in boys and is usually accompanied by abnormalities of other organs. When this anomaly kidney spliced to each other by their upper or, more likely, the lower poles. Between the isthmus formed by the kidneys, which are composed of renal tissue or connective tissue. Such a kidney is located below the usual and almost immobile. This contributes to more frequent traumatic kidney injury in trauma, or lumbar region of the abdomen. Most horseshoe kidney does not appear and the patient is unaware of the existence of this anomaly it.
The main symptoms of horseshoe kidney pain due to mild renal pressure to adjacent organs. Sometimes there are motility disorders of the gastrointestinal tract. Occasionally a kidney can compress the abdominal aorta. Then there are signs of impaired circulation in the lower extremities, numbness, perniosis feet. Very rarely, the kidney can compress the inferior vena cava, which leads to venous stasis in the legs, varicose veins of the lower limbs, varicose veins in the pelvis. With the passage of time in the horseshoe kidney can develop various diseases. Usually it is urolithiasis, hydronephrosis. There is evidence that the presence of horseshoe kidney increased risk of developing it in the tumor, usually in the neck.
Surgical treatment of such abnormalities is performed at the event in the kidney disease requiring surgical treatment. Sometimes the children, if such a kidney is manifested severe pain and the isthmus between the kidneys narrow operation to take the neck dissection and fixation of the kidneys in the normal location. Occasionally, if you hit one of the halves of the horseshoe kidneys and almost lost its function, make the removal of one of the halves of the kidney (heminephrectomy).
