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Friday, 29.03.2024, 18:04
Main » Neurosurgery » Brain - The three main components of the brain 
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Brain - The three main components of the brain


Brain - The three main components of the brain

The brain, spinal cord, along with the main component of the central nervous system (CNS). CNS has links to other organs and systems of the body through the peripheral nervous system.


Functions of the central nervous system - is to ensure the senses: sight, hearing, touch, smell. In addition, the brain provides the memory and is responsible for emotions and thoughts.

The brain of an adult reaches 1200 - 1500 grams in weight. It is a spongy mass of specific nerve cells - the so-called neurons.

The brain has three main components:
  • left and right hemispheres
  • cerebellum
  • the brain stem.

At the bottom of the brain stem becomes the spinal cord. The latter is located in the spinal canal, which is formed bodies and the vertebral arch.

The entire brain is composed of two parts: the gray and white matter. The white matter of the greatest part of the brain and is the nerve fibers that connect neurons. The gray matter is represented as a thin layer of the cerebral cortex of the brain. It consists of the nerve cells themselves.

The main functions of the cerebral hemispheres - is receiving, processing and storing information. It should be noted that due to the presence of nerve fibers cross in the brain that go to all the organs and tissues, the right hemisphere is responsible for the left half of the body and the left - for the right. Therefore, in the presence of pathology in the brain (tumor, stroke, trauma) dysfunction is part of the opposite side.

The cerebellum. This brain region is located in what is called the posterior cranial fossa behind the brain hemispheres. Its primary function - it is the coordination of movements. It provides all of our movement: walking, running, moving her hands, feet, etc.

The brain stem, part of the brain, which is located between the brain and spinal cord. He is responsible for functions such as hunger, as well as some primitive features, such as heartbeat, breathing and body temperature.

Sam is the brain inside the skull, which protects the delicate soft tissue. This has its pluses and minuses. The fact that in the event of a brain tumor can not grow it out, because it is hampered by the bones of the skull. As a result, even a benign tumor growing deep into the brain, compressing the important departments.

The brain washed by the clear liquid with a characteristic composition - liquor. This fluid also provides nutrition and brain tissue, but it also provides cushioning. In addition to the CSF, brain outside the brain is covered with two shells - soft and hard.

Hemisphere of the brain can be divided into shares. Each hemisphere is divided into six parts:
  • frontal lobe,
  • parietal lobe,
  • temporal lobe,
  • occipital lobe,
  • central (or the insula) share
  • limbic lobe.

Each hemisphere has its share of the characteristic function, for example, the frontal lobe is responsible for this function of speech, occipital lobe - a vision, and temporal lobe - a rumor.



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