Osteoporosis - one of the most common disease of the skeleton. It is associated with metabolic disorders of bone and its "negative pressure". The incidence increases with age, and after 50 years is more common in women. The predominance of females in older age due to hormonal imbalance during menopause, which promotes the restructuring of the bones. However, osteoporosis, and able to finish childhood. His cause in children is the lack of calcium and initially incorrect formation of bone tissue. Proven risk factors for osteoporosis are long-term use of corticosteroid drugs, a violation of menstrual and other hormonal disorders in women, prolonged bed rest for any diseases. Less significant, but still contributing factors are smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, diet low in protein and phosphorus, as well as the abuse of coffee.
Osteoporosis develops gradually and can occur for a long time without any clinical symptoms. During this period, it can be diagnosed by chance on the X-ray or blood test on the ions and electrolytes. Due to the gradual decrease in bone density, the main clinical manifestation of all ages are broken. They are, as a rule, and pay attention to the problem.
Fractures in children and adolescents are associated usually with trauma, sports or traffic, and are more common in boys than in girls (probably because the first preferred mobile power games.) the main location of fractures in children - a shin bone, or femur, close to the knee or ankle joints. Due to the fact that the periosteum in children is quite flexible, fractures occur at the type of "green branches", ie only breaks a bone, and periosteum over it remains intact and covers the fracture site, like the young bark of broken tree limbs.
Fractures in older age groups may occur in any bone, but more common in the vertebral bodies, the humerus and femur, close to the hip joint. The older the person, the more likely to fracture. A distinctive feature of the fractures in the elderly is more frequent damage to the head of the hip joint, these fractures heal for a long time, and usually require surgical treatment. Fractures in any area of the skeleton has its own special clinic, emerging from the pain, swelling of local tissues, impaired mobility and tension surrounding muscles, which form a sort of protective "armor" the place of fracture, the bone fragments are not allowing the style shift. May damage the nerve trunks and blood vessels, which will be manifested, respectively, loss of skin sensitivity, or motor function of limbs, or a violation of the internal organs.
Treatment of osteoporosis in each case consists of the treatment of fractures and normalization of bone structure using the medication.
