Varicose veins - one of the most common vascular disease, namely - the fans. Varicose can be observed in different areas of the body: the legs, hands, pelvis, scrotum, etc.
It should be noted that varicose veins can form in any part, but they usually occur on the legs. In the U.S., for example, suffer from varicose veins 19% of men and 36% of women. Often varicose veins are hereditary, with age-related diseases becomes more pronounced.
A little Anatomy
Vienna - the blood vessels that provide blood flow to tissues and organs from the heart. In structure, the veins and arteries like, composed of three layers: the inner - the endothelium, the average - and the outer muscle - the adventitia.
Unlike arteries, veins thinner wall, which is associated with thinner muscle layer. The diameter of the veins more than arteries. Feature of the veins is that their diameter is dependent on many factors: body position, blood pressure, blood flow velocity, the state of the valves and the phase of respiration.
One of the characteristics of veins is that they have valves. It is intended by nature for the fact that the blood that flows through the veins of the legs, there was only towards the heart, and not vice versa. The valve apparatus of leg veins - the major component, a pathology which leads to the development of diseases of the veins - varicose.
It is known that the blood through the arteries, "shakes" the heart. Back to the same blood through the veins is due to suction effect of the chest (which is why during inspiration decreases venous diameter), as well as the so-called muscle pump. The deep veins that are on your feet, surrounded on all sides by muscles. Walking and physical activity on foot muscles contract and squeeze out as if the blood up, as the movement of blood down, ie, Conversely, it is impossible due to the valve.
Varicose veins cites weak walls and valves violation veins, which do not give blood to flow back.
The venous system of the legs consists of superficial and deep veins. Superficial veins and their tributaries are under the skin, they can be felt and they are quite visible. Varicose standing concerns precisely the superficial veins. Deep vein. These veins are located between the muscles and connective tissue. It is these veins, and bear the burden of the outflow of blood from the tissues to the heart. These veins have valves that prevent backflow of blood.
Superficial and deep veins are connected by communicating veins. Raison d'etre of these veins is to equalize the pressure between them. Valvular communicating veins (they are sometimes called perforating) leads to the fact that the blood comes from the deep veins to surface. Normally, the valves of these veins allow blood to go in one direction only: from the superficial to deep.
Among the causes of varicose leg veins can be noted factors that suggest a decrease in the tone of their walls, ie congenital weakness, long-standing on his feet, which leads to increased blood pressure in the vessel and its expansion, the pathology of venous valves, thrombosis, etc. Thus, varicose veins can be primary, ie, occur without any prior pathology, or secondary, that is, after and in connection with other diseases of veins.
The main symptom of varicose veins is visible externally except for varicose veins, is swelling of the legs, heavy legs, which increases with prolonged standing. In the long of the disease, changes occur in the skin tissue may develop sores.
Varicose veins of the legs can be both conservative and surgical. In this case, it is believed that conservative treatment can not lead to a cure and disappearance have varicose veins. Therefore, conservative treatment is carried out, mainly to operational as training, prevention of further development of the disease, as well as in the case where surgical treatment of varicose veins can not be
