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Pulmonary Emphysema - Diagnosis and treatment
Pulmonary Emphysema - Diagnosis and treatment
In the diagnosis of pulmonary emphysema patient conduct the following studies:
X-ray examination of the lungs and heart
Computed tomography
The study of respiratory function
KLA. In patients with emphysema is marked tendency to increase the number of red blood cells and hemoglobin levels, especially in the development of respiratory failure ECG
Voltage changes in blood oxygen and carbon dioxide
Treatment of emphysema - a difficult task because you need to work on the actual emphysema, cure disease, which led to its development and complications of the disease (respiratory and heart failure in the event of the accession of pulmonary heart disease).
In addition, an important direction in the treatment of emphysema is to facilitate the course of the disease and slowing its progression. It is very important exception is smoking and other harmful factors, including professional, adverse effects on lung tissue, limiting physical activity, good jobs.
For all types of emphysema main violation - loss of elasticity of the lungs, reducing the functional surface of the lung alveoli.
Treatment of emphysema itself should be the impact of these disorders. For example, recently offered replacement therapy of alpha-t-antitrypsin derived from the serum of donors or by the method of genetic engineering, as well as the use of other protease inhibitors. Among them are the most widely used drugs of natural origin (contrycal, trasilol, gordox) and synthetic drugs (epsilon-aminocaproic acid, amben). A promising direction in the treatment of pulmonary emphysema itself is the use of antioxidants (vitamin E, AEVIT, glutathione, lipoic acid, Celine sodium).
It is proposed the use of estrogen and corticosteroids, which stabilize lysosomal membranes, antiproteazny give effect to stimulate fibroblasts, causing the repair of elastin and collagen, the appointment of high doses of vitamin C, as it plays an important role in the synthesis of collagen and hondroitinsernoy acid, which is part of glikozoaminoglikanov, intratracheal administration funds, which will restore the surface-active properties of the alveolar lining (eucalyptus oil, palmitic acid, phospholipids, etc.).
In most cases, bullous emphysema is an effective surgical treatment.
Prevention of primary diffuse pulmonary emphysema is in the early detection of persons with deficiency of alpha-t-antitrypsin.
It is important categorical prohibition of smoking and avoid contact with air pollutants, the prevention of respiratory disease in patients with deficiency of alpha-t-antitrypsin (antiviral vaccination during an epidemic in the immunotherapy with interferon, vitamin and other biostimulants, hardening, etc.).
Secondary prevention of emphysema is now developed enough.
