Otolaryngology - medical discipline dealing with the treatment and prevention of diseases of the ear, pharynx, larynx and nose.
The nasal cavity is lined with mucous membrane and is connected through narrow openings in the maxillary (maxillary) sinus and the frontal sinus. Abundant blood supply to the nose explains the reasons for such frequent nosebleeds.
Other bodies involved in otolaryngology - a mouthful. The pharynx is divided into nasal, oral, and laryngeal parts. In the throat converge digestive and respiratory tract, with the passage of food and air is regulated by reflex. Under the mucous membrane are the muscles that constrict the throat to the middle and lower sections and push the food into the esophagus. In the throat are tonsils.
The larynx is designed for air from the pharynx to the lower airways and is used for phonation.
Otolaryngology is also involved in treatment and prevention of diseases of the ear. The ear consists of an inner, middle and outer sections. In the inner ear are sound and vestibular analyzers. Middle ear - this barrel with auditory ossicles - hammer, anvil and stirrup, and the mastoid and Eustachian tube. The outer ear - it's pinna and external auditory canal. All these bodies are related. So often the disease, for example, the nose gives a complication in his ear. For example, acute rhinitis may be complicated by otitis.
The most common disease of the nasal cavity - rhinitis, sinusitis, sinusitis. All these diseases can be both acute and chronic. For ear infections otolaryngology relates otitis, Eustachian, tympanitis, traumatic injuries. Go to the pharynx and larynx diseases Otolaryngology refers laryngitis, pharyngitis, tonsillitis.
Otolaryngologist - a physician engaged in treatment and prevention of diseases of the ear, pharynx, larynx, and nose. Audiologist - a specialty, which includes skills as a therapist, and surgeon. In some cases the otolaryngologist spends surgical operations. In the scope of the otolaryngologist includes treatment of diseases of the nose, ear and throat.
Otolaryngologist spends surgical operations on all of these organs. The most common ones are:
Transactions of the nasal cavity - is sinus puncture with subsequent washing, polipoektomiya - removal of polyps, opening abscesses, hematomas, repair of nasal septum, etc.
Operations on the pharynx and larynx, produced by an otolaryngologist - is adenotomija (including endoscopic) tonzilloektomiya etc.
Otolaryngologist spends surgical operations ear - timpanotomiya, polipotomiya, hearing improving operations in the middle ear, etc.
