Chronic enteritis and chronic colitis - inflammatory bowel disease (small intestine - chronic enteritis and thick - chronic colitis).
In the initial section of the intestine (small bowel) is the digestion of food, that is, the expansion of its constituent elements, which are then absorbed into the blood.
In the large intestine is the formation of feces. Inflammatory diseases lead to violations of these processes.
The causes of colitis
Among the main reasons for release:
First of all, the violation rate and nature of food, poor quality food, alcohol abuse;
diseases of the stomach (chronic gastritis), the lack of production enzymes of the pancreas (chronic pancreatitis), which resulted in the intestine gets enough food enzyme-treated pulp;
use of drugs that alter the normal environment in the gut;
Congenital insufficiency of the intestine.
Under the influence of these factors disrupted the process of digestion in the intestine, activation of pathogenic microorganisms (dysbiosis developing intestine), disturbed absorption of nutrients (proteins, fats, carbohydrates, salts, water, vitamins), changing the rate of passage of food through the bowels of the masses.
Symptoms of colitis
The symptoms of chronic bowel disease depends on the location of the lesion (small or large intestine). Since the basic processes in the small intestine - digestion and absorption, the main symptoms of chronic enteritis are:
Discomfort in the middle of the abdomen (around the navel), bloating, rumbling, it is characterized by diarrhea - frequent (4-6 times per day) and a rich, liquid stools more than normal, texture, sometimes with an unpleasant odor.
As a result of malabsorption of nutrients is weight loss (sometimes up to a significant exhaustion), develops weakness, loss of efficiency.
Patients usually do not tolerate milk, spicy foods, fatty foods, often occurs after eating the urge to have bowel movements.
In chronic colitis, the main manifestations are:
Abdominal pain (usually in the lower and lateral parts), and violations of the chair.
Pain is usually worse after eating and subside after passing flatus and bowel movement.
Violations appear constipated stool with the release of the dense fragmented ("sheep"), or band-like feces, mucus-covered top, or in chronic colitis developed diarrhea with the release of scarce watery, with mucus stool.
Characterized by the urge to empty the bowel, sometimes painful, with the release of mucous masses.
Often there is a combination of constipation and diarrhea, sometimes after a series of discharges of liquid stool is delayed for several days.
Sometimes triggered by psychoemotional disorders chair congestion, changes in rhythm and character of food, potable water change - for example, trips, travel. In these cases, there is usually no inflammation of the intestine, and violation of his motor functions (dyskinesia of the large intestine).
Diagnosis of colitis
Diagnosis of chronic bowel disease based on studies of feces, blood tests, X-ray studies of the intestine (barium enema performed with radiopaque substance filling the colon with enemas), colonoscopy (examination of the lumen of the colon).
Treatment of Colitis
The main treatment of chronic intestinal diseases is diet. During the acute conducted a fractional (4-6 times per day), meals in small portions.
Food should be in the form of frayed, excludes milk, spicy, salty, smoked food, alcohol in all its forms (including beer). Bread, white only, or in the form of dried bread crumbs.
Useful jelly, omelettes, steam dishes from crushed meat and fish. When an exacerbation should be limited to fruit and vegetable products, excluding those of them that increase flatulence (peas, beans, cabbage). As the exacerbation subsided expanding range of products. Fresh dairy products are useful (for portability), acidophilus products, vegetables are given in boiled form.
Constipation increased the number of vegetable dishes, salads, dried fruit dishes give fresh fruits and vegetables (for portability), bran cereal, vegetable oil. If constipation is necessary to increase fluid intake (up to 2 liters per day).
Medication is carried out only on prescription.
Prevention of colitis
Prevention of chronic diseases of the intestine is in compliance regime and culture of food, limiting alcohol intake, timely treatment of acute intestinal diseases.
