Heel spur - a bony protrusion, which develops on the plantar (bottom) surface of the calcaneus often the place of attachment to the bone of the foot aponeurosis (aponeurosis). Developing a disease mainly in people who are forced nature of their work for a long time to stand or walk. Particularly common heel spurs occur when flat feet.
Spur develops when the strengthened pressure on the calcaneus, with stimulation of the periosteum heel bone friction. First, develop a local periostitis (periostitis), then the site of inflammation occurs bony protrusion, which may continue to grow. The patient complains of heel pain when standing and walking. If the load is removed at the heel, the pain disappears. Morning on rising from bed, stepping on the affected leg the patient feels a sharp pain. On x-rays show a bony protrusion on the bottom surface of the calcaneus, but many patients X-rays may be unchanged.
Treatment of heel spurs.
With a sharp pain for recommended bed rest for several days, appointed by the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (diclofenac, indomethacin, ibuprofen, oksiten, etc.), physiotherapy (laser therapy, alternating magnetic field, application of paraffin and ozokerite). If the pain does not subside, the introduction of the heel area of solutions of local anesthetics or adrenal hormones. Under the heel pad is recommended to enclose the soft, porous rubber gasket with a cut in the center of the hole. Disease of the North
Disease or calcaneal epiphysitis North - an inflammation of the posterior edge of the heel bone. There is it in children 8-14 years old. Epiphysis (growth area of bone tissue) on the posterior margin of the calcaneus has a separate nucleus of ossification and in children at this age, ossification has not happened yet complete. Between the epiphysis and the calcaneus is the cartilage gap. At high loads on the Achilles tendon, which attaches to the pineal gland, is a violation of the blood supply of cartilage zone. In it there are areas of necrosis, and restoration of areas of bone tissue. This is manifested by pain in the posterior part of the heel at the insertion of the Achilles tendon and below.
The pain is worse when running, walking fast. Painful getting up on your toes. X-rays usually do not reveal the pathology. The disease usually resolves on its own, with full ossification of the calcaneus with age. An exacerbation of pain prescribe rest, painkillers, physiotherapy.
Bursitis
Sac or pouch bags are said to surround the tendons of the muscles. Inside the bags is a special synovial fluid that serves as a lubricant. Bursa reduce friction on the tendons surrounding tissue. In the heel area, there are two such bags, between the Achilles tendon and skin, and between the calcaneus and the Achilles tendon. That is, front and rear of the Achilles tendon.
Inflammation of the bursa between the skin and the Achilles tendon is called the posterior calcaneal bursitis. It occurs in women who wear high heels during prolonged walking in high heels or walking in uncomfortable shoes with high heels. Inflamed pouch increases in size, amount of fluid in it is increased by stretching the pouch. In the heel of Achilles tendon appears swollen, painful to the touch. This bursa can become chronic, when the walls of the bag and the skin over them thicken. Pain occurs frequently. The Achilles tendon is thickened.
Treatment of posterior calcaneal bursitis is the appointment of rest, physical treatments during exacerbation. In the future it is necessary to find comfortable shoes. Inflammation of the bag between the Achilles tendon and the calcaneus is ahillobursitom. It occurs during prolonged stress on the Achilles tendon, with injuries and microtraumas tendon and heel bone. Patients complain of pain when moving his foot. If palpation reveals pain in front of the Achilles tendon. Ahillobursita treatment. Appointed by the quiet, exalted position of the patient feet, thermal, and physiotherapy. Sometimes the bag has to punctate. The liquid is removed from it, and the bag is administered hydrocortisone.
Achilles tendon tenosynovitis
Achilles tendon tenosynovitis - an inflammation of the membranes tendon. It occurs when excessive loads on the calf muscles and Achilles tendon. Susceptible to this disease distance runners. Achilles tendon is thickened, painful foot motion. If you put a hand to the suzhozhiliyu, the motion it is possible to feel a kind of scratchy - crepitus.
Treatment of Achilles tendon tenosynovitis is to limit the load on the leg. Sometimes it can help podkladyvanie under the heel of a soft liner. When expressed pain syndrome appointed non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, physiotherapy. If the pain goes away, place a plaster Sapozhok for 2 weeks. Occasionally have to open the tendon sheath surgically. Athletes who are engaged in long distance running, stretching exercises recommended by the Achilles tendon. After running to the Achilles tendon is applied ice for 5-10 minutes.
