Unilateral Aplasia (agenesis) kidneys. This is an anomaly of the kidneys, where one of the kidneys is missing, as is often absent ureter. In many cases, both absent and the vas deferens on the same side, or there is another anomaly of genital organs. The absence of one kidney does not appear on the patient's condition.
It is found in surveys (ultrasonography, excretory urography, cystochromoscopy, computed tomography, angiography of the kidneys). The remaining kidney increases in size, because she has to carry a double burden. The risk of this condition is that the single kidney disease can not remove it. The absence of the kidneys on both sides of an extremely rare anomaly. It is incompatible with life.
The doubling of the kidney. The doubling of the kidney is the most common abnormality of the urinary system. When this anomaly is one of the kidneys doubled. Such is the size of the kidney is much higher than normal, sometimes it is divided into segments. You can usually identify the upper and lower buds, which are separated by furrow. The top bud is almost always less than the lower. To each his own right from the kidney renal artery. Perhaps a full doubling of the kidney, when each of the renal pelvis and has its own, usually in the upper renal pelvis is underdeveloped. Each of the kidney has a ureter. Ureters are separated and end each individual estuary in the bladder. Sometimes one of the ureters may fall into another. Thus there are two separate kidneys. Incomplete double kidney pyelocaliceal system on a large-sized kidney.
Doubling of the kidney diagnosed by cystoscopy (the mouth of the ureter are third instead of two), excretory urography (identify enlargement of the kidneys, and a third pelvis and ureter), ultrasound. The doubling of the kidney does not appear in itself does not require treatment. However, an abnormally developed kidney, especially with full double, often develop any disease. Most often, there urolithiasis in one of the halves of the double kidney, hydronephrosis, pyelonephritis. Sometimes accompanied by a complete double renal ectopia the ureter. In this case, the ureter enters the bladder is not, as in the other body. The mouth of the ureter may fall into the rectum, cervix, vagina, urethra. It is possible the constant leakage of urine from the ureter.
Surgical treatment of double kidney performed in the presence of complications. It is aimed at correcting the reasons that caused complications. Produce a variety of endoscopic and open surgical procedures. Always trying to keep the kidney. Remove the kidney (nephrectomy) only when nearly complete loss of its function. Sometimes the conduct heminephrectomy - removal of half or part of the kidney.
Incremental kidney. Incremental kidney is rarely found abnormal development. Usually, extra kidney is lower than normal in the lumbar region or lower in the pelvis or the iliac region. Most often, the extra buds the size of smaller than normal. Extra has a single kidney blood flow (renal artery and Vienna), and its ureter. The ureter bud can be added to fall into the normal kidney or ureter opened his own mouth of the bladder. It is also possible to ectopia when it is not in the usual place, and empties into the vagina, the rectum. Ectopia may be accompanied by a constant urinary leakage. Incremental kidney does not appear, and the patient has no complaints as long as the additional kidney does not appear any disease.
Diagnosed with a kidney-added ultrasound, excretory urography, computed tomography and magnetic resonance.
Surgical treatment of extra buds out if there are diseases of the kidney: hydronephrosis, urolithiasis, tumor, chronic pyelonephritis. Removal of the kidneys perform the loss of its function, or if the resulting complications are dangerous to the patient's life. In children, the well-being conducted conservative treatment and continuous monitoring of the status of the kidneys and the general condition of the child. If possible, try to keep the kidney.
