Among the malignant tumors of the pharynx, there are:
carcinoma
limfoepiteliomy
meristoma
sarcoma
retikulotsitomy
mixed tumor.
Early symptoms of cancer of the pharynx and poor maloharakterna. In later stages there is some complaint:
violation of nasal breathing and nasal ear, if the tumor in the nasopharynx foreign body sensation, which interferes with swallowing food and then spit in the presence of tumor in the oropharynx
violation of the first to cross the thick, and then for liquid food and respiratory failure, if the tumor in the hypopharynx.
These phenomena were initially regarded as a sick little meaningful, and the doctor often refers to the account of chronic pharyngitis or neurosis.
Early symptoms include nasal tumors hypersecretion of mucus, which is sukrovichnaya admixture, selection possible through the oropharynx and nose. Nasopharyngeal tumor quickly gives regionarnye metastases grow into the cranial cavity, which is accompanied by the appearance of pain in the jaw, teeth, ears, the appearance of diplopia and strabismus. The decay of the tumor causing severe epistaxis. In the middle section of the pharynx are more common carcinomas and sarcomas. The appearance of dysphagia, choking food, pain, disturbances of voice, putrid odor from the mouth indicate the later period of development of tumors of the pharynx.
Metastasis occurs early, often just two-way. Compared with the upper divisions of the pharynx laryngopharynx often amazed malignant tumors, usually there are carcinomas, sometimes mixed tumor.
The initial period of tumor localization of the pharynx usually remains hidden. Even after the onset of lung complaints of various kinds of discomfort in the throat disease is often not recognized as for indirect laryngoscopy lower parts of the pharynx are not available. Occur relatively quickly pronounced signs of dysphagia, which is an indication for high-contrast X-ray examination. In some cases, the tumor compresses the arytenoid cartilage, and may cover part of the entrance to the larynx, while there are grave symptoms of swallowing, voice disorders, and sometimes breathing.
Hypopharynx cancer early ulcerated, aided by frequent injury and tumor bolus, the appearance in the sputum of admixture of blood indicates a breakdown of the neoplasm. In the therapy of malignant tumors of the nasopharynx and the middle portion of the pharynx is used primarily conservative treatment and surgical maloprimenimo.
In the treatment of tumors of the laryngopharynx prefer combination therapy, which appears in the first place surgical removal of the tumor with the use of diathermy coagulation and further exposure to radiation in the way of lymph.
