The increase in kidney disease in children and adolescents are now linked on the one hand, the use of new highly informative diagnostic methods of examination, and on the other there is a definite link between increased morbidity and adverse environmental and economic factors. To date, the only standard treatment for end-stage renal disease in children is a kidney transplant.
A successful kidney transplant surgery in children and adolescents significantly stimulates the growth of existing reserves to the physical, psycho-emotional and social development. Successful transplantation leads to faster growth, weight gain, allowing time to overcome the delay in physical development, which is often observed in children during the illness. Quality of life in children with normal function of the graft is much higher than in children on hemodialysis. Advances in pediatric transplantation are associated with the development of pharmacology, improving skills of surgeons, improved selection of donor organs.
Unfortunately, in the world there is no single country is able to provide all potential recipients of cadaveric donor organs. This problem has triggered greater use of grafts from living related donors, but to solve it in full to date is not possible.
The use of grafts obtained from living related donors, explained, above all, the best results, due to a genetic proximity of the recipient and donor, and the good condition of the graft.
A related transplantation - is often elective surgery, with stress on the donor and the recipient of much less.
In the presence of a potential living donor, in some cases surgery may be done before the start of hemodialysis. Children less than adults adjust to hemodialysis due to the problem of vascular access. Moreover, the probability of infection is much lower due to the exclusion of blood transfusion.
When a kidney transplant from a living related donor may choose optimal time for surgery, carefully surveying and preparing and donor and recipient.
Features children's immune systems require very careful use of immunosuppressive therapy in the postoperative period. These circumstances, and also features a number of diseases specific to childhood and often recurrent, doctors are forced to carefully approach the questions of how the patient from the first hours after surgery and during the entire period of rehabilitation.
