Dislocation of the hip is about 5% of all dislocations. In order for there was a dislocation of the hip to the action of a sufficiently large force. Dislocation of the hip are front and rear.
Anterior dislocation of the hip is less common. It develops when the indirect effects of traumatic force: a fall from a height on the assigned and rotated outward leg. In this case the femoral head and joint capsule breaks down moves. If the head of the femur at the level of the obturator opening of the pelvis, a dislocated called obturator. The displacement of the femoral head to the pubic bone of the horizontal branch, say lonnom or anterolateral dislocation of the upper.
Posterior dislocation of the hip injury more often. By dislocation of the hip towards the rear give a sharp bend or rotate the hip inward. In this case, the femoral head out of the acetabulum and breaks the back of the hip capsule. Posterior dislocations depending on the position of head of a sprained are the iliac and ischial.
The patient complains of pain in the hip. Position the injured leg depends on the type of dislocation. When the rear leg sprains patient bent his knee turned inward. When the iliac posterior dislocation bending legs less pronounced in the sciatic - more.
Anterior dislocation of the hip position characterized by the patient's leg, which turned out his knee, his leg bent at the knee and hip joints. Injured leg motion is impossible. If you try to forcibly turn the leg, there is springing resistance. Refine the diagnosis of X-ray examination. Dislocation of the hip can be combined with fractures of the acetabulum. As a first aid should be given pain medication and deliver in a hospital on a stretcher.
Treatment of hip dislocation. To reposition hip dislocation requires anesthesia, because hip is in a large array of muscles and good relaxation can be achieved only with full anesthesia. There are several ways to reposition the hip dislocation. Methods are used primarily Janelidze-Collin, Kocher-Kefera, Depre-Bigelow. After reduction of dislocation foot is placed on a special bus with skeletal traction for 3-4 weeks. Applied exercise therapy and physiotherapy. Very often, after reduction dislocation of the hip in a patient develops degenerative changes in joints - coxarthrosis.
