Dislocations of the foot up to 2% of all dislocations. By dislocation of the foot are sprains in the ankle joint, subtalar dislocation of the foot, the talus dislocation, dislocation of the tarsal bones (dislocated joint in Shoppara), dislocation of the metatarsal (Lisfranc dislocation of the joint), dislocation of the phalanges.
Dislocation of the foot in the ankle joint
Dislocation of the foot in the ankle joint is not common and is usually accompanied by a rupture of the ankle ligaments and joint capsule and ankle fractures, rarely in other articular fractures. The foot may be dislocated outwards, inwards, forwards, backwards and upwards.
Dislocation of the foot occurs when the outward side of the foot podvertyvanii and out. Thus there is a turning point and the outer ankle. At the foot medially podvertyvanii, there is a fracture dislocation of the ankle and the inside of the foot inwards. Posterior dislocation of the foot may occur at a substantial impact on the shin or the sudden and strong plantar flexion of the foot, and anterior dislocation occurs when flexion of the foot to the rear or leg strike at the rear. Occasionally found dislocation of the foot up, a fall from a height. The patient is worried about the pain in his foot, the inability to be on foot and walk. The shape of the foot changed.
Refine the diagnosis of X-ray examination. As first aid is necessary to give the victim pain and bring him to the hospital.
Treatment of dislocation of the foot at the ankle joint. Reposition the ankle should be performed as quickly as possible, since these depend on further results of treatment. Dislocation reduction is carried out under general anesthesia conduction anesthesia or special techniques. After successfully reposition the leg cast is applied from the toes to the upper thigh. Period of immobilization and 8 weeks, but with the knee joint plaster removed after 3 weeks and begin the development of joints.
Subtalar dislocation of the foot
Subtalar dislocation of the foot are rare. This dislocation occurs in the talocalcaneal and talus-navicular joint. The mechanism of dislocation sharp tucking feet in any direction. Astragalus is shifted from its place, and on the opposite side of the shift of the cleavage of bonds. The patient complains of pain in his foot. The shape of the foot changed. In order to exclude fractures of the foot produces X-rays.
Treatment of subtalar dislocation of the foot. Spend anesthesia with general anesthesia or conduction anesthesia. Reduce a joint. After reduction imposes a circular plaster cast from the toes to the upper thigh. Particular attention is paid proper formation of the arch. After removing the plaster after 5-6 weeks of prescribed exercise therapy. During the year the patient is recommended to wear orthopedic shoes.
Dislocation of the tarsal bones
Luxation or dislocation of the tarsal bones in the joint Chopart is extremely rare. There is a dislocation with a sharp turn of foot. The patient is worried about the pain in his foot, which is strongly enhanced by movement of the foot. Edema, which is rapidly increasing. At the foot below the dislocation disrupted blood supply. The victim should be given pain medication and quickly taken to hospital for immediate reposition of dislocation.
Treatment of dislocation of the tarsal bones. Produced by reduction of dislocation conduction anesthesia or general anesthesia. Then the leg cast is applied from the toes to the middle third of the femur for up to 8 weeks, followed by the release of the knee after 3 weeks. Assigned to physical therapy and physiotherapy. During the year, the patient must wear orthopedic shoes or insoles. Dislocation of the metatarsal bones.
Dislocation of the tarsus bones
Dislocation of bones or metatarsal joint dislocation in Lisfranc also occurs rarely. It is complete or incomplete. At full dislocation move all the metatarsals, the incomplete dislocation occurs offset from its normal position of individual bones metatarsals. The patient may have sore feet. The shape of the foot is changed. The foot appears shortened and expanded in the anterior part. If you dislocate a bone in the shank on the surface of the foot, as determined by the protrusion of the step. Refine the diagnosis of X-ray examination.
Treatment. Spend anesthesia. A doctor with an assistant reduce a dislocation. Then, from the toes to the knee impose a circular plaster cast with a carefully modeled the arch of the foot. Period of immobilization to 8 weeks. Then designate physical therapy, exercise therapy and wearing arch support for one year. Sometimes if you can not straighten a dislocated performed surgery.
Dislocated toes
Dislocation of fingers in the joints between the bones of the shank and the main phalanges or joints between the phalanges of the fingers do not occur often. Injury usually occurs as a result of a direct blow on the fingers or metatarsus. The patient complains of pain in the finger. Change in the shape of damaged finger. He looks shorter. Probed the exposed end of the articular surface has shifted. Refine diagnosis after x-rays.
Treatment of dislocations of fingers. Produced analgesia by means of wire or a local anesthetic. Reduce a finger. Then placing a plaster Longuet for 2 weeks. Occasionally, to prevent the recurrence of dislocation of the joint is fixed needle for 7-10 days. Then assigned to physical therapy and physiotherapy.
