Transplantation of organs, tissues and cells from one person - an effective and sometimes the only way to treat incurable diseases such as end-stage chronic heart, kidney, liver failure, as well as a promising method of choice for treatment of other diseases such as diabetes. Advances of clinical transplantation today are obvious, but strictly limited by the lack of donor material.
Xenotransplantation - Transplantation of organs, tissues and cells of animals to humans. If successful, xenotransplantation could provide the transplant people who are currently on a waiting list of heart, kidneys, etc. and can not get the expected body.
Xenotransplantation - any procedure for transplantation, implantation, or infusion into a human body: living cells, tissues or organs from a living source of non-human origin (animal).
At different stages of a large number of experiments was conducted, but no study has led to results that could serve as a sufficient reason to move to clinical trials.
Animals - a potential source of an unlimited number of organs, tissues and cell xenotransplantation - can solve the problem of shortage of donor organs in the world, but only if major problems are solved xenotransplantation.
The failure of the graft, the inability to provide adequate function. Bodies of the animal can not have a reserve of strength and durability to support the functions of the human body and physiology of animals is different from human physiology. Rejection of foreign material. Even if hyperacute rejection overcome by genetic modification or the creation of the barrier, the development of cellular or chronic rejection is still lead to failure.
However, at present the greatest danger is the transmission of infection from animal to man. All transplants carry the risk of transmission of serious infection from the donor to the recipient. Moreover, the risk of transmitting an infectious agent the animal patient with failure of immune system, may cause new infections that can be transmitted over a wide range of people.
Because of these risks of xenotransplantation clinical trials should be effectively regulated. All procedures xenotransplantation in the absence of effective regulation in the country should be prohibited.
