Dislocation of the forearm is in the elbow. It is common, but somewhat less than a dislocated shoulder. Dislocation of the forearm can be: Front back postero-lateral.
Form the elbow joint articular surface of the three bones: the humerus, ulna and radius. Joint capsule is thin, but laterally reinforce the joint two strong ligaments. Chance of dislocation as the two forearm bones (ulna and radius) and one of them.
Posterior dislocation of the forearm occurs more frequently. He is at falling on outstretched to straighten the elbow arm. The lower part of the humerus and joint capsule ruptures moves forward. Sometimes this is accompanied by dislocation of the humeral epicondyle separation in adolescents or fracture of the condyle shoulder in adults. The patient complains of pain in the elbow and holding the victim's hand in flexion. The form of the elbow joint changes. Movement of the elbow severely limited and painful. Diagnosis clarify when the X-ray study, with the preclude fracture of the elbow.
Treatment of posterior dislocation of the forearm. Performed anesthesia with local anesthetic solution. Sometimes the reduction is carried out joint under anesthesia. Surgeon with assistant special techniques (bending or pererazgibanie) reduce a joint. Then, a radiological control correct reduction and plaster cast is applied for two weeks. Immediately recommended physiotherapy available in wrist joints. After removing the plaster is assigned physical therapy and physiotherapy for the development of the elbow.
Anterior dislocation of the forearm is rare. It developed in direct blow to the elbow when the arm is bent at the elbow. Often gives rise to a fracture of the olecranon humerus. The patient complains of pain in the elbow joint. The hand is straightened at the elbow position. Bending is impossible and sharply painful. Refine diagnosis by means of X-rays. Treatment consists in reduction of the joint under local anesthesia or general anesthesia.
Rarely found outside a dislocated arm. Typically, these dislocations are not complete. There is a subluxation of the joint under direct influence of the forces directed from within outwards in the frontal plane. The patient complains of pain in the joint. Motion in the joint is limited. The shape of the joint changed. Joint axis is shifted outward. Necessarily carried out X-rays to confirm the diagnosis and exclusion of fractures. Treatment. Local anesthesia or general anesthesia. Reduce a forearm. The cast is applied for up to 3 weeks.
Dislocation of the forearm inwards occurs when a direct hit from the side, directed medially in the frontal plane. Joint axis is shifted inwards at the same time. Treatment is similar to other dislocations of forearm. In children, there are dislocations of the ulnar head and radial bones. They reduce a local anesthesia, and then impose Longuet plaster for 3 weeks.
They are not often encountered. More cases of children radial head subluxation. It occurs only in children younger than 4 years. The mechanism of injury - stretching the hand of the child. The child complains of pain in his hand. Elbow flexion is absent, the handle hanging down along the trunk. When probing the pain occurs in the elbow and the wrist in the affected arm. X-ray images do not always, as they provide little information. When the diagnosis guided by the clinical picture.
Treatment. Usually dislocation can straighten quickly and relatively painlessly, so do not spend more pain, as this may become more trauma for the child than the actual reduction. Then hand it is recommended to hang a scarf for a week, sometimes it becomes necessary to impose a plaster Longuet. It is recommended physical therapy and physiotherapy.
