Fractures of the upper end of the femur can be:
intraarticular
extraarticular.
Intraarticular fractures include:
fractures of the femoral neck - major (fracture of the femoral head)
subcapital, with a fracture line passing just below the head of the femur
transcervical or chrezsheechny - i
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Fracture of the body (shaft) of the femur is under the influence of a direct blow to the thigh area, in the fall on the solid object, the action of an indirect force - bending, twisting.
Fractures of the femur are in serious injury. They may be accompanied by significant blood loss and painful shock. Such fractures are more common in young adults. In accordance with the place of impact force traumatic fractures of the femur occur in the upper, middle and lowe
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For fractures of the lower end of femur fractures include femoral condyles. These fractures are intraarticular, as is usually the fracture line enters the cavity of the knee joint. The most common fractures of the femoral condyles occur in the elderly. There is a traumatic injury with a direct blow to the knee or a fall on his knee.
Broken may be one or both condyles. The turning point may be offset or no offset. Usually condyles move up or down and away. Bec
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Patella - the bone is a flat round. It is in front of the knee.
Fractures of the patella are:
transverse
longitudinal
boundary when the broken-off portion of the patella
comminuted.
Fractures of the patella are no displacement or with displacement of bone fragments. There is a fracture of the patella with the direct mechanism of traumatic injury - falling on his knee. Occasionally, the mechanism of injury may be indirect. This happens when
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The skeleton consists of two lower leg bones tibia and fibula. This is a long tubular bones. They are connected to each other in knees and ankles.
The larger the bone - the tibia. In its upper part has projections - the condyles, which articulate with the femur, forming the knee joint. The lower part of the tibia connects to the foot and the talus forms the ankle joint. Thus, the tibia bears the main burden of the body and passes it on foot.
More subtl
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Fractures of the tibial condyles
Can be broken down as a condyle and both of them. Fractures are offset and without offset. The mechanism of injury is most often a straight line - a fall from a height on the straightened leg with deviation to the right or the left leg and drop to one knee. The patient complains of pain and swelling of the tissues in the fracture.
In the knee joint in fractures of the condyl
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Fractures of the tibia diaphysis may be:
- fracture of the tibia
- pearl of the fibula
- fracture of both these bones.
There are fractures:
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