In medicine, the term denotes a stent frame of stretched wire or porous tube, which is administered in a duct (such as an artery, bile ducts, etc.) to prevent the narrowing of the diameter and improvement of flow through it.
Stents are used primarily in cardiovascular surgery for expanding the diameter of the artery and restore normal blood flow through it. Most often the method of stent used in surgery of heart vessels (coronary) as well as in the treatment of diseases of the peripheral arteries, veins, bile ducts, esophagus, trachea, colon, bronchi, ureters, and urethra.
List the types of stents:
Vascular:
Metal
Coated
Containing drugs
Other species:
Stents for the urinary tract
Coronary
Rectal
Esophageal
One of the barriers commonly use stents in vascular surgery is a risk of so-called fouling stent lumen of smooth cloth. This leads to the fact that the vessel lumen narrows again, the effect is lost and stenting performed required a second operation. Currently, researchers in the field of stenting found special materials for the manufacture of stents, such as drug-coated, such as sirolimus, which in a few weeks, rassasyvaya, prevents the formation of blood clots in the lumen of the stent, and stents coated with anti-inflammatory or samorassasyvayuschiesya. Fortunately, even if there was narrowing of the lumen of stent can be easily replaced
Today in Vascular Surgery applied stents of various designs. However, they must meet certain requirements in this case, namely, to be sufficiently elastic and flexible, to have such a property as radiopacity, ie the possibility of control by X-ray study, lumen diameter of the stent should be able to change, adapting to the condition of the vessel.
