Treatment of ischemic stroke pursues its goal the restoration of the blood flow in brain arteries. For this purpose:
Anticoagulants. By anticoagulants include heparin (an anticoagulant line), or warfarin dikumarol (indirect anticoagulants). They are contraindicated in hemorrhagic diathesis, exacerbation of peptic ulcer disease, uremia, severe liver disease, as well as the risk of frequent falls.
Antiplatelet agents are used to prevent further clot formation. refers to the simplest antiplatelet aspirin. Other antiplatelet agents: ticlopidine, and dipyridamole.
Thrombolytic therapy. This method of treatment is administered in a thrombosed vessel of drugs that dissolve the clot. These drugs include streptokinase, urokinase, and alteplaza. By use of these drugs have contraindications (recently transferred ulcer bleeding, cerebral hemorrhage, and others).
Surgical treatment. The most common surgery for ischemic lesions of the brain - the carotid endarterectomy. Carotid endarterectomy - a surgical intervention to remove the inner wall of the carotid artery that is affected by atherosclerotic plaque in the arteries narrowing and destruction. This operation is performed more frequently under local anesthesia. It is preferred because of significantly fewer complications, a shorter period of rehabilitation. The operation consists in the fact that the surgeon makes a small incision in the affected artery. He further distinguishes the carotid artery. Imposed a special clip on the artery. Above the narrowing of the artery is cut. The surgeon would scrape both existing atheromatous plaques. Next, the vessel is sewed. Clamp is removed and blood flow in arteries is restored.
Another type of surgical treatment of ischemic stroke - carotid stenting surgery for patients who have a high risk of complications in carotid endarterectomy. The indications for carotid stenting are significant narrowing (60%) of the lumen of the carotid arteries.
In addition, carotid stenting is indicated in patients previously undergone endarterectomy, in relapsed narrowing of the lumen of the arteries. The operation of stenting is that the access through the femoral artery in the groin crease to the site of carotid artery narrowing is fed a special catheter with inflated balloon on the end. When the tip of the catheter is in place narrowing of the arteries, it is inflated and the artery expands.
To prevent re-narrowing of the lumen of the vessel it is set stent - a thin wire structure in the form of a cylinder, which plays the role of the skeleton.
