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Thursday, 28.03.2024, 14:03
Main » Psychoneurology » The manifestation of anxiety: a variety of syndromes 
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The manifestation of anxiety: a variety of syndromes


Anxiety - a passion arises in anticipation of an uncertain risk of adverse developments. Anxiety disorders are among the most common forms of mental pathology, occur in 5% of cases. Clinical manifestations of anxiety are hypochondriacal, and social phobia.

Panic attacks - suddenly appearing and quickly, within a few minutes, the growing range of autonomic disorders (autonomic crisis, palpitations, chest tightness, choking sensation, shortness of breath, sweating, dizziness), combined with a sense of impending death, fear of loss of consciousness or loss of control over itself, insane. At the beginning of the disease duration of panic attacks varies widely, though usually no more than 20-30 minutes.

Agoraphobia (fear of open spaces), contrary to the original meaning of the term includes a range of phobias (open, closed spaces, transportation, crowds). Agoraphobia usually occurs in connection with the PA and is essentially a fear of being in a situation fraught with the danger of a panic attack. As typical situations that provoke the emergence of agoraphobia become a trip on the subway, stay in the store, among the large crowds, etc.

Hypochondriacal phobia - an obsessive fear of a serious illness. Most often, there are cardio, carcinogenic, stroke-, and sifilo SPIDofobii. At the height of anxiety (phobic raptus) patients sometimes lose their critical attitude to his condition - refer to the appropriate physicians and require examination.

Social phobia - fear of being in the spotlight, accompanied by the fear of negative evaluation of others and avoiding social situations. Typically, social phobias begin in adolescence and often coincide with poor psychogenic or social impacts. At the same time, provoking a special act of the situation (answer at the board exams, the appearance on the stage), or contact with a certain group of people (teachers, educators, representatives of the opposite sex). Communication with family and close friends, usually does not cause fear. Social phobias may occur transiently and tend to develop chronic. Patients who suffer from phobias Social care, more often than healthy people are living alone, have lower levels of education. Combined with other mental disorders, social phobia worsens prognosis and increases the risk of suicide attempts.

There are isolated or generalized phobia Social care. The first group includes monofobii, accompanied by the relative limitations in professional or social activity (fear of public speaking, communication with senior officials, the commission of working in front of others, eating in public places). For example, ereuthophobia - the fear of blushing, embarrassed to show or confusion in the community. This may be accompanied by the fear that others will notice redness of the face. Accordingly, in humans there are shyness, embarrassment, accompanied by internal stiffness, muscle tension, trembling, palpitations, sweating, dry mouth.

Generalized social phobia is a more complex psychopathological phenomenon, which includes a number of phobias in the idea of little value and sensitive ideas of reference (a feeling that others pay attention, laugh behind my back). An example of generalized social phobia is skoptofobiya - fear to appear ridiculous, to detect signs of the imaginary people in the lameness. In these cases, the foreground is a feeling of shame, inappropriate reality, but it determines the behavior (avoidance). With the fear of disgrace may be related notions of a hostile assessment of people "defect", attributed to his patients, and appropriate interpretation of the behavior of others (dismissive smile, ridicule, etc.).

Specific (isolated) phobias - phobias, limited to a strictly defined situations - fear of heights, sickness, storms, insects, animals, treatment with a dentist. Since contact with the objects of fear is accompanied by intense anxiety, in these cases is characterized by a desire for their avoidance.



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